Regardless of whether you use an interactive session or command line execution, you will need to map your local directories to the Docker container. Once inside a container, Docker doesn’t understand your local file system unless you explicitly tell it how things are mapped. The volume mapping convention is of the form /local:/container — i.e. we are mapping a local directory to an alias that will point to the directory within the Docker container, as passed on the command line using the -v option.
All local directories that you wish Docker to see must be mapped in this way. See the interactive and command line examples that follow for how Docker -v volume mapping is accomplished.